Do you know anything about chemical heat in foods?

I've heard that in order to avoid ailments, one should stay balanced and not consume too many "hot foods"( which is not to say foods that are steaming, but rather foods that have a naturally occurring high chemical heat in them.) I've read, in the little information I was able to find on this subject, that cool foods (or foods with a cooling nature, such as lemon) should be eaten to counteract the hot. I would like to know more about this subject. Does Ayurveda cover this concept? Which foods are hot, and which are cool? A list would be wonderful.